--- description: Apply per-channel policy, select a channel on a turn, and deliver out-of-band notices across web, messenger, voice, and custom surfaces. title: Channels image: https://developers.cloudflare.com/og-docs.png --- [Skip to content](#main-content) > Documentation Index > Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://developers.cloudflare.com/agents/llms.txt > Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further. # Channels Last updated Aug 24, 2026|Copy as Markdown|[View as Markdown](https://docs-durable-objects-instance-replaced-errors.previews.developers.cloudflare.com/agents/harnesses/think/channels/index.md)|[Agent setup](https://docs-durable-objects-instance-replaced-errors.previews.developers.cloudflare.com/agent-setup/) Experimental The Channels API surface may evolve before Think graduates out of experimental. A channel is a surface a Think agent talks over: the browser WebSocket, a messenger webhook (Telegram, Slack, and so on), voice, or your own custom transport. Channels generalize [messengers](https://docs-durable-objects-instance-replaced-errors.previews.developers.cloudflare.com/agents/harnesses/think/messengers/) into one vocabulary so you can apply per-channel policy (a different system prompt, a narrowed tool set, a step cap) and deliver out-of-band notices, regardless of the surface a turn arrived on. Every Think agent always has an implicit `web` channel (the WebSocket chat your browser clients use). You declare additional channels — and override the `web` policy — with `configureChannels()`. Messengers returned from `getMessengers()` are automatically absorbed as `messenger` channels, so existing messenger apps keep working unchanged. ## Configure channels Override `configureChannels()` to return a map of channel id to `ChannelDefinition`. The id is how you select the channel on a turn: ```js import { Think, messengerChannel } from "@cloudflare/think"; import { telegram } from "@chat-adapter/telegram"; export class Assistant extends Think { configureChannels() { return { // Override policy for the built-in web channel. web: { kind: "web", ingress: { transport: "websocket" }, instructions: "You are chatting in a web app. Use markdown freely.", }, // A voice channel with tighter limits. voice: { kind: "voice", ingress: { transport: "voice" }, instructions: "Keep replies short and speakable. No markdown.", maxTurns: 3, }, // A messenger channel (Chat SDK webhook). telegram: messengerChannel(telegram({/* adapter config */})), }; } } ``` ```ts import { Think, messengerChannel } from "@cloudflare/think"; import { telegram } from "@chat-adapter/telegram"; export class Assistant extends Think { configureChannels() { return { // Override policy for the built-in web channel. web: { kind: "web", ingress: { transport: "websocket" }, instructions: "You are chatting in a web app. Use markdown freely.", }, // A voice channel with tighter limits. voice: { kind: "voice", ingress: { transport: "voice" }, instructions: "Keep replies short and speakable. No markdown.", maxTurns: 3, }, // A messenger channel (Chat SDK webhook). telegram: messengerChannel( telegram({ /* adapter config */ }), ), }; } } ``` A `ChannelDefinition` has these fields: | Field | Type | Description | | | | ------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------- | | kind | "web" \| "messenger" | "voice" | "custom" | The surface category. | | ingress | { transport: "websocket" \| "voice" } or a webhook messenger spec | How turns arrive. messengerChannel() builds the webhook form for you. | | | | instructions | string \| (ctx: ChannelContext) => string | Promise | Prepended to the system prompt for turns on this channel. | | | tools | (all: ToolSet) => ToolSet | Narrow the assembled tool set for this channel (filter only — it cannot add tools). | | | | maxTurns | number | Per-channel cap on model steps for a turn. | | | | capabilities | ChannelCapabilities | Surface capabilities (streaming, message editing). Defaulted for web. | | | | conversation | messenger conversation mode or resolver | Messenger thread routing (see [Messengers](https://docs-durable-objects-instance-replaced-errors.previews.developers.cloudflare.com/agents/harnesses/think/messengers/)). | | | | delivery | channel delivery policy | Messenger delivery policy. | | | Use the `defineChannels()` helper for type inference, and `messengerChannel()` to wrap a Chat SDK adapter definition as a `kind: "messenger"` channel. ### Channel kinds | Kind | Ingress | Notes | | --------- | ------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | web | { transport: "websocket" } | Always present. Declare it in configureChannels() only to set policy; you cannot remove it. | | messenger | webhook (messengerChannel(...)) | Fed into the messenger runtime. Equivalent to a getMessengers() entry. | | voice | { transport: "voice" } | Applies policy and turn context; out-of-band delivery is not yet wired. | | custom | app-defined | For your own transport. Same delivery limitations as voice today. | ## Per-channel policy Channel policy is applied as an **overridable default** before [beforeTurn](https://docs-durable-objects-instance-replaced-errors.previews.developers.cloudflare.com/agents/harnesses/think/lifecycle-hooks/) runs, so a `beforeTurn` override still wins: * `instructions` is prepended to the base system prompt for the turn. * `tools` filters the assembled tool set (it can only remove tools — the `getTools()` seam adds them). * `maxTurns` caps model steps: `beforeTurn`'s `maxSteps` wins, then the channel `maxTurns`, then the instance `maxSteps` default. ## Select a channel on a turn Pass `channel` to [runTurn()](https://docs-durable-objects-instance-replaced-errors.previews.developers.cloudflare.com/agents/harnesses/think/#runturn) (or `chat()`) to run a turn on a specific channel. The channel id is stamped onto the user message, so a continued or recovered turn re-resolves the same channel and re-applies its policy: ```js export class Assistant extends Think { async speak() { await this.runTurn({ input: "Read this out loud", channel: "voice" }); } } ``` ```ts export class Assistant extends Think { async speak() { await this.runTurn({ input: "Read this out loud", channel: "voice" }); } } ``` Inside a turn, the active channel is available as `this.activeChannel` (a `ChannelContext` with `channelId`, `kind`, and messenger details when relevant). A turn with no `channel` runs without a channel context and applies no channel policy. ## Deliver out of band `deliverNotice()` sends a message to a channel **without** starting a model turn. Use it for status updates ("your import finished") or to surface an action's [reply attachment](https://docs-durable-objects-instance-replaced-errors.previews.developers.cloudflare.com/agents/harnesses/think/actions/#reply-attachments) — it does not run inference, does not enter the turn queue, and is therefore safe to call from inside a tool's `execute`: ```js export class Assistant extends Think { async notify() { await this.deliverNotice("Your export is ready to download."); await this.deliverNotice("Background research finished.", { informModel: true, // also record it in the transcript so the next turn knows }); } } ``` ```ts export class Assistant extends Think { async notify() { await this.deliverNotice("Your export is ready to download."); await this.deliverNotice("Background research finished.", { informModel: true, // also record it in the transcript so the next turn knows }); } } ``` ```ts type DeliverNoticeOptions = { channel?: string; // defaults to the active turn's channel, else "web" informModel?: boolean; // also write to the model-visible transcript (default false) kind?: "final" | "interim" | "notice" | "command"; // wire tag (default "notice") thread?: string; // required for out-of-turn delivery to a multi-thread messenger }; ``` Behavior depends on the target channel: * **`web`** — the notice is always appended to the transcript (that is its only render path). `informModel` then only controls the phrasing. * **`messenger`** — the notice is posted to the provider. Out of turn, pass `thread` to target a conversation. With `informModel: true`, it is also written to the transcript. * **`voice` / `custom`** — out-of-turn delivery throws, because these surfaces have no delivery target yet. Override `renderAttachment(attachment)` to turn an action reply attachment into a notice; Think calls it at the end of a turn and delivers the rendered text as a trailing `interim` notice. Return `undefined` to skip an attachment type. ## Relationship to messengers `configureChannels()` wraps `getMessengers()` — it does not replace it. Each `getMessengers()` entry becomes a `kind: "messenger"` channel, and everything in the [Messengers](https://docs-durable-objects-instance-replaced-errors.previews.developers.cloudflare.com/agents/harnesses/think/messengers/) guide (Telegram setup, webhook routing, conversation targets, delivery and recovery) continues to apply. A channel id in `configureChannels()` that collides with a `getMessengers()` id is an error. Keep using `getMessengers()` for messenger-only apps; reach for `configureChannels()` when you also want `web`/`voice`/`custom` policy or out-of-band notices. ## Observability Channel activity is reported on the `channel` observability channel: ```js import { subscribe } from "agents/observability"; const unsubscribe = subscribe("channel", (event) => { // event.type is one of: // "channel:resolved" — a turn resolved a registered channel // "channel:delivered" — a turn's final reply was delivered // "notice:delivered" — deliverNotice() succeeded // "notice:failed" — deliverNotice() threw }); ``` ```ts import { subscribe } from "agents/observability"; const unsubscribe = subscribe("channel", (event) => { // event.type is one of: // "channel:resolved" — a turn resolved a registered channel // "channel:delivered" — a turn's final reply was delivered // "notice:delivered" — deliverNotice() succeeded // "notice:failed" — deliverNotice() threw }); ``` ## Reference | Member | Description | | ----------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------- | | configureChannels() | Return the channel map. Defaults to {} (the implicit web channel only). | | deliverNotice(text, options?) | Send an out-of-band message to a channel with no model turn. | | activeChannel | The ChannelContext for the in-flight turn, or undefined. | | renderAttachment(attachment) | Map a reply attachment to channel notice text (or undefined to skip). | | defineChannels(channels) | Identity helper for channel-map type inference. | | messengerChannel(definition) | Wrap a Chat SDK adapter as a kind: "messenger" channel. | ## Related * [Messengers](https://docs-durable-objects-instance-replaced-errors.previews.developers.cloudflare.com/agents/harnesses/think/messengers/) — Chat SDK webhook setup and delivery in depth. * [Actions](https://docs-durable-objects-instance-replaced-errors.previews.developers.cloudflare.com/agents/harnesses/think/actions/) — record reply attachments for `renderAttachment()`. * [Voice](https://docs-durable-objects-instance-replaced-errors.previews.developers.cloudflare.com/agents/communication-channels/voice/) — real-time speech surfaces. Was this helpful? YesNo ## On this page [![](https://docs-durable-objects-instance-replaced-errors.previews.developers.cloudflare.com/_astro/logo.te5VL_aD.svg)Docs](https://docs-durable-objects-instance-replaced-errors.previews.developers.cloudflare.com/) ```json {"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"TechArticle","@id":"https://developers.cloudflare.com/agents/harnesses/think/channels/#page","headline":"Channels · Cloudflare Agents docs","description":"Apply per-channel policy, select a channel on a turn, and deliver out-of-band notices across web, messenger, voice, and custom surfaces.","url":"https://developers.cloudflare.com/agents/harnesses/think/channels/","inLanguage":"en","image":"https://developers.cloudflare.com/og-docs.png","dateModified":"2026-08-24","publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cloudflare","description":"One platform for your apps, agents, and workforce. Build, secure, and scale without managing infrastructure","url":"https://www.cloudflare.com/","sameAs":["https://github.com/cloudflare","https://www.linkedin.com/company/cloudflare","https://x.com/cloudflare"],"logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https://developers.cloudflare.com/logo.svg"},"address":{"@type":"PostalAddress","streetAddress":"101 Townsend St","addressLocality":"San Francisco","addressRegion":"CA","postalCode":"94107","addressCountry":"US"},"contactPoint":[{"@type":"ContactPoint","contactType":"Customer Support","url":"https://support.cloudflare.com/","availableLanguage":["English"]},{"@type":"ContactPoint","contactType":"Sales","url":"https://www.cloudflare.com/contact/","availableLanguage":["English"]}]},"isPartOf":{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https://developers.cloudflare.com/#website","name":"Cloudflare Docs","url":"https://developers.cloudflare.com/"}} ```