--- description: Map Cloudflare products to OSI model layers, from Layer 7 application services to Layer 1 physical connections. title: Network Layers image: https://developers.cloudflare.com/og-docs.png --- [Skip to content](#main-content) > Documentation Index > Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://developers.cloudflare.com/fundamentals/llms.txt > Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further. # Network Layers Last updated Aug 24, 2026|Copy as Markdown|[View as Markdown](https://docs-durable-objects-instance-replaced-errors.previews.developers.cloudflare.com/fundamentals/reference/network-layers/index.md)|[Agent setup](https://docs-durable-objects-instance-replaced-errors.previews.developers.cloudflare.com/agent-setup/) Below is a list of the different layers that makes up the [open systems interconnection (OSI) model ↗](https://www.cloudflare.com/learning/ddos/glossary/open-systems-interconnection-model-osi/) and the associated Cloudflare products. Note The list of related products is representative but not comprehensive. | Network layer | Protocol and related products | | -------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | 7 Application layer | **HTTP, DNS** [Authoritative DNS](https://docs-durable-objects-instance-replaced-errors.previews.developers.cloudflare.com/dns), [Bot Management](https://docs-durable-objects-instance-replaced-errors.previews.developers.cloudflare.com/bots), [CDN](https://docs-durable-objects-instance-replaced-errors.previews.developers.cloudflare.com/cache/), [Cloudflare Access](https://docs-durable-objects-instance-replaced-errors.previews.developers.cloudflare.com/cloudflare-one/access-controls/policies/), [Cloudflare Gateway](https://docs-durable-objects-instance-replaced-errors.previews.developers.cloudflare.com/cloudflare-one/traffic-policies/) (outbound only), [Cloudflare Tunnel](https://docs-durable-objects-instance-replaced-errors.previews.developers.cloudflare.com/cloudflare-one/networks/connectors/cloudflare-tunnel/), [Load Balancing](https://docs-durable-objects-instance-replaced-errors.previews.developers.cloudflare.com/load-balancing/understand-basics/proxy-modes/), [Stream](https://docs-durable-objects-instance-replaced-errors.previews.developers.cloudflare.com/stream/), [WAF](https://docs-durable-objects-instance-replaced-errors.previews.developers.cloudflare.com/waf/) | | 6 Presentation layer | | | 5 Session layer | | | 4 Transport layer | **TCP/UDP** [Argo Smart Routing](https://docs-durable-objects-instance-replaced-errors.previews.developers.cloudflare.com/argo-smart-routing/), [Cloudflare Gateway](https://docs-durable-objects-instance-replaced-errors.previews.developers.cloudflare.com/cloudflare-one/traffic-policies/) (outbound only), [Load Balancing](https://docs-durable-objects-instance-replaced-errors.previews.developers.cloudflare.com/load-balancing/understand-basics/proxy-modes/), [Spectrum](https://docs-durable-objects-instance-replaced-errors.previews.developers.cloudflare.com/spectrum/) | | 3 Network layer | **IP, GRE, any packet/protocol** [Cloudflare Network Firewall](https://docs-durable-objects-instance-replaced-errors.previews.developers.cloudflare.com/cloudflare-network-firewall/), [Magic Transit](https://docs-durable-objects-instance-replaced-errors.previews.developers.cloudflare.com/magic-transit), [Cloudflare WAN](https://docs-durable-objects-instance-replaced-errors.previews.developers.cloudflare.com/cloudflare-wan) | | 2 Datalink layer | **Direct connection** [Cloudflare Network Interconnect (CNI)](https://docs-durable-objects-instance-replaced-errors.previews.developers.cloudflare.com/network-interconnect) | | 1 Physical layer | **Direct connection** [Cloudflare Network Interconnect (CNI)](https://docs-durable-objects-instance-replaced-errors.previews.developers.cloudflare.com/network-interconnect) | Was this helpful? YesNo ## On this page [![](https://docs-durable-objects-instance-replaced-errors.previews.developers.cloudflare.com/_astro/logo.te5VL_aD.svg)Docs](https://docs-durable-objects-instance-replaced-errors.previews.developers.cloudflare.com/) ```json {"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"TechArticle","@id":"https://developers.cloudflare.com/fundamentals/reference/network-layers/#page","headline":"Network Layers · Cloudflare Fundamentals docs","description":"Map Cloudflare products to OSI model layers, from Layer 7 application services to Layer 1 physical connections.","url":"https://developers.cloudflare.com/fundamentals/reference/network-layers/","inLanguage":"en","image":"https://developers.cloudflare.com/og-docs.png","dateModified":"2026-08-24","publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cloudflare","description":"One platform for your apps, agents, and workforce. 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